Author note — to cover

Define independence as one outcome giving no information about the other; classify pairs such as coin then dice against successive picks without replacement; separate independence from mutual exclusivity. Both tiers. Exclude the multiplication itself (and-rule page) and testing independence by comparing P(A and B) with the product, an A level idea. (P8)

• Fluency — direct questions on independent events, limited to this lesson's stated scope (4 questions).
• Application — use the same skill in unfamiliar or contextual questions without introducing a later method (4 questions).
• Check — questions built around the exclusions and likely misconceptions named in the lesson brief (4 questions).