Author note — to cover

Define dependent events, where the first outcome changes the second probability, and multiply using the adjusted value, written out explicitly. Contexts: counters from a bag, cards dealt without shuffling back. Two stages only. Both tiers. Replacement contrasts live on the two sibling pages, trees on the Diagrams topic, and P(B given A) notation at Higher. (P8)

• Fluency — direct questions on dependent events, limited to this lesson's stated scope (4 questions).
• Application — use the same skill in unfamiliar or contextual questions without introducing a later method (4 questions).
• Check — questions built around the exclusions and likely misconceptions named in the lesson brief (4 questions).